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HD 390, covering parts of the Elkhorn Mountains south of Helena, offers a classic public land elk hunting experience. The unit is primarily within the Helena-Lewis and Clark National Forest. It's characterized by steep, timbered slopes and some open parks. Access is decent via forest service roads. Elk populations are solid, and the unit consistently produces. Like many accessible units, hunting pressure can be high, particularly during the general rifle season. Success often comes from hiking into roadless areas or patiently hunting dense cover. Expect variable weather and a good workout. General elk tag. Fees for licenses and stamps.
Pros
- Consistent elk populations on public land
- Diverse terrain offers varied hunting strategies
- Good network of forest service road access
- Opportunity to harvest a general elk tag animal
Cons
- High hunting pressure during peak seasons
- Rugged terrain demands significant physical exertion
- Variable weather conditions can be challenging
- Significant roadless areas require deep hikes
Best uses
- General rifle elk hunting
- Backcountry archery hunting
- Physically fit, persistent hunters
- Multi-day spike camp hunts
Specifications
- Location
- Elkhorn Mountains, S of Helena, MT
- Primary Land
- Helena-Lewis and Clark National Forest
- Terrain
- Steep timber, open parks, mountainous
- Primary Game
- Elk (general tag)
- Access
- Forest service roads
- Elevation Range
- Approx. 4,500-9,400 ft
Best for
General rifle elk hunting, Backcountry archery hunting, Physically fit, persistent hunters, Multi-day spike camp hunts
Hunting District 390, situated in the Elkhorn Mountains south of Helena, Montana, presents a classic public land elk hunting experience. This unit largely falls within the Helena-Lewis and Clark National Forest, encompassing a landscape defined by steep, often heavily timbered slopes interspersed with more open parks and meadows. The varied terrain demands physical effort but provides diverse cover for elk. Access is generally manageable via a network of forest service roads, though the real opportunities often lie further off the beaten path. While not without its challenges, HD 390 consistently supports a solid elk population, making it a reliable destination for hunters seeking a backcountry feel without venturing into true wilderness. It’s a place where persistence and a willingness to cover ground are often rewarded, offering a genuine taste of Montana's elk country. Expect to earn your harvest in this rugged, accessible district.
Geography & Terrain
HD 390 is characterized by the rugged geology of the Elkhorn Mountains. Elevations range significantly, from lower foothills to alpine peaks, with many areas featuring dense coniferous forests on north-facing slopes and more open, brushy terrain on south-facing aspects. Interspersed throughout are high mountain meadows and creek bottoms, providing critical forage and water sources for elk. The area is heavily roaded in some sections, but significant portions remain roadless, offering true escape for animals and hunters alike. Expect steep climbs, rocky outcrops, and thick timber, which all contribute to a demanding but rewarding hunting environment.
Seasons & Weather
The primary hunting season is typically the general rifle season, usually late October through November, though archery opportunities precede this. Weather during these months is highly variable and can change rapidly. Early season might bring mild, crisp days, but hunters should be prepared for sudden snowstorms, freezing temperatures, and high winds, especially at higher elevations. Mid-season often sees the first significant snow, which can push elk down from higher ground but also complicates travel. Always pack for all conditions and monitor forecasts closely, as white-out conditions or deep snow can become serious hazards.
Wildlife & Opportunities
Beyond elk, HD 390 also supports populations of mule deer and black bears, offering additional opportunities for hunters. Predators such as mountain lions and wolves are also present. Elk densities are considered solid, providing a good chance at encounters, particularly for those willing to get off the main roads. Success often hinges on locating bedding areas in thick timber or feeding grounds in more open parks, especially during the rut or after fresh snow. Understanding elk behavior in varied terrain is key; they utilize the timber for security and the parks for feeding.
Access & Permits
Access to HD 390 is facilitated by numerous forest service roads that penetrate much of the unit. However, many prime elk areas require hiking in from these access points. Respecting private land boundaries is crucial; maps showing land ownership are essential. A general elk tag is typically sufficient for this district, obtainable through Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks. Hunters must also possess applicable hunting licenses and conservation stamps. Always verify current regulations, season dates, and permit requirements directly with FWP before planning your trip, as rules can change annually.
Hazards & Trade-offs
While HD 390 offers excellent public land hunting, it comes with trade-offs. Hunting pressure can be significant, especially on accessible public lands during the general rifle season. Hunters should expect to encounter other parties. The rugged terrain presents physical challenges and potential for injury; navigating steep, uneven ground, especially under snow, requires caution. Variable weather, including sudden storms, poses hypothermia and visibility risks. Encounters with large predators are possible, though rare. Bear spray is a wise addition to the pack. Careful planning and physical conditioning are vital for a safe and successful hunt here.
How we picked
We built this ranking from trip reports, agency data, permit records, and our editors' own time on the ground. 10 places made the final cut out of a much longer working list, and each one had to clear the same set of criteria before it earned a spot.
- Quality of the terrain
- Landscape, route variety, and whether the place rewards multiple days rather than one overlook.
- Season and weather windows
- How long the reliable window is, and how badly the shoulder seasons punish a bad forecast.
- Access and permits
- Trailhead logistics, permit odds, quotas, and how much lead time a trip realistically takes.
- Solitude vs. crowding
- How far you have to walk before the place feels like wilderness instead of a queue.
- Wildlife and ecology
- What you can reasonably expect to see, and what you have to plan around.
- Risk and skill required
- Navigation, water crossings, exposure, and rescue distance — stated plainly.
Hunting District 390 — frequently asked questions
- Is Hunting District 390 worth the trip?
- We rank it #10 in Top Montana Public Land Elk Units. HD 390, covering parts of the Elkhorn Mountains south of Helena, offers a classic public land elk hunting experience. The unit is primarily within the Helena-Lewis and Clark National Forest.
- Who is Hunting District 390 best for?
- Best for general rifle elk hunting, backcountry archery hunting, physically fit, persistent hunters and multi-day spike camp hunts. Standouts: consistent elk populations on public land and diverse terrain offers varied hunting strategies.
- What are the drawbacks of Hunting District 390?
- High hunting pressure during peak seasons, Rugged terrain demands significant physical exertion and Variable weather conditions can be challenging.
- What are the key details for Hunting District 390?
- Location: Elkhorn Mountains, S of Helena, MT · Primary Land: Helena-Lewis and Clark National Forest · Terrain: Steep timber, open parks, mountainous · Primary Game: Elk (general tag) · Access: Forest service roads
- Geography & Terrain — what should I know about the Hunting District 390?
- HD 390 is characterized by the rugged geology of the Elkhorn Mountains. Elevations range significantly, from lower foothills to alpine peaks, with many areas featuring dense coniferous forests on north-facing slopes and more open, brushy terrain on south-facing aspects.
- Seasons & Weather — what should I know about the Hunting District 390?
- The primary hunting season is typically the general rifle season, usually late October through November, though archery opportunities precede this. Weather during these months is highly variable and can change rapidly.
Where on earth
Satellite imagery flying in from a world view to Hunting District 390, Montana, United States. Use the + / − buttons, or click the map to zoom with your scroll wheel; drag to pan and pinch to zoom on touch.
Montana, USA · 46.880, -110.363
Wildlife found around Hunting District 390
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