#1 on this list
Hunting District 313 (Gardiner)
Montana, USA
HD 313, bordering Yellowstone National Park, offers a unique and highly sought-after elk hunting experience. Its proximity to the park means elk frequently move in and out of the huntable areas, particularly during the late seasons as they migrate for winter range. This unit is characterized by rugged, steep terrain, dense timber, and open slopes, demanding significant physical exertion. Access is primarily via foot or horse, with numerous trailheads leading into the Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness or areas bordering the park. The sheer size and wild nature of this district make it less susceptible to overcrowding in its deeper reaches, though trailheads can be busy. Hunters should expect challenging weather, from early season snow to high winds. Success here often depends on hunters willing to pack in several miles, find unpressured elk, and be prepared for rapidly changing conditions. Its 'general' tag status makes it highly accessible for residents and non-residents alike, contributing to its popularity. Outfitters operate in the area, but DIY hunting is very possible with adequate preparation. Best access is typically from the Gardiner area or Highway 89. The ideal season is late archery or the general rifle season, especially after the first significant snow pushes elk out of higher elevations and the park. This unit suits experienced, physically fit hunters comfortable with backcountry travel and spike camping. Permits are standard general tags; no special draw is required for the district itself. Trade-offs include unpredictable elk movements due to park proximity, demanding terrain, and potentially cold, harsh weather.
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#2 on this list
Hunting District 390 (Big Belt Mountains)
Montana, USA
HD 390, encompassing the Big Belt Mountains, is a consistent producer for public land elk. This district offers a good mix of timbered mountains, open parks, and drainages, providing excellent habitat. Much of it is national forest land, ensuring ample public access, though some private timber holdings exist. The terrain is moderately challenging, with elevations ranging from 5,000 to 9,000 feet, making it accessible to a wider range of physical abilities than some of the more extreme wilderness units. Helena is the closest major hub, providing good services and access points. Success here often comes from covering ground, locating elk in their timbered bedding areas, and ambushing them near water or feeding grounds. It’s a popular unit, so expect company, especially on weekends and during the general rifle season opener. Hunters willing to hike a few miles off primary trails will find more solitude and often more successful. Archery season can be very productive as elk are vocal. Late season rifle hunting can also be good as snow pushes elk to lower elevations. Best access is generally from roads off Highway 12 or Highway 287. Ideal seasons are mid-September for archery and the general rifle season, particularly the first and last weeks. Skill level is moderate to advanced; physical fitness is a key advantage. Permits are standard general tags. Trade-offs include moderate to high hunting pressure, especially in easily accessible areas, and elk can become very wary quickly.
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Specs side by side
| Spec | Hunting District 313 (Gardiner) | Hunting District 390 (Big Belt Mountains) |
|---|---|---|
| Location | Northern Montana, borders Yellowstone NP | Big Belt Mountains, Montana, USA |
| Terrain | Rugged mountains, timber, sagebrush | — |
| Primary Access | Foot, horse, numerous trailheads | — |
| Elk Population | Strong, influenced by park migrations | — |
| Tag Type | Montana General Elk Tag | — |
| Best Season | Late archery, general rifle (post-snow) | — |
| Key Wildlife | Elk, Mule Deer, Bear, Wolves, Bighorn | — |
| Primary Land Type | — | National Forest |
| Elevation Range | — | 5,000 to 9,000 feet |
| Closest Hub | — | Helena, Montana |
| Target Species | — | Elk |
| Hunting Pressure | — | Moderate to High |
What our reviewers liked and didn't
Hunting District 313 (Gardiner)
- World-class elk hunting due to park migrations
- General elk tag, highly accessible to hunters
- Vast wilderness, opportunities for solitude
- Challenging terrain builds character and skill
- High potential for trophy-class animals
- Elk movements can be unpredictable
- Extremely demanding physical terrain
- Harsh, rapidly changing weather conditions
- Potential for crowded trailheads
Hunting District 390 (Big Belt Mountains)
- Consistent elk production for public land hunters
- Good mix of timber and open country for diverse hunting
- Ample public access through National Forest lands
- Suitable for both archery and rifle hunting strategies
- More moderate terrain than some extreme wilderness units
- Moderate to high hunting pressure, especially near access points
- Elk become wary quickly, requiring effort to find solitude
- Interspersed private lands require careful navigation
- Success often demands significant physical exertion
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